- What is the most popular amateur digital voice mode today?
- What should you invest in when thinking about digital voice?
- What are common DMR specific terms you need to know?
- How to program your DMR radio with just the basics?
Alinco was the first main stream amateur radio vendor to offer a DMR radio way back in 2016 with its DJ-MD40 UHF only radio. Less than two years later, they came to market with the dual band DJ-MD5TGP which included a GPS and was roughly based on the same reference design as the popular Anytone D878UV. Main stream being defined as Alinco often being included alongside Icom, Kenwood and Yaesu.
With many other radios such as the TYT MD-UV380, Radioddity GD-77, Baofeng DM-1801 and Ailunce HD1 offering dual band spectrum coverage at various price and feature differences, it looks like Alinco is about to offer its second generation version of its 2018 released "MD5" radio for short and it will offer a few things not found elsewhere, including a third band for some markets!
This now further cements that Alinco is only going to focus on DMR for the amateur market, Kenwood and Icom on D-Star and Yaesu on Fusion for the time being until hopefully the HVDN backed M17 project and its TR-9 open source radio finds a manufacturing partner in China or maybe with one of the main stream vendors to stop fragmentation with so many competing digital modes.
How many MD5 are there?
There has always been some confusion while looking at discussion boards on Facebook as to how many different MD5 radios are there and the answer has always been two.
The DJ-MD5TGP has been the more expensive version and included a GPS. The slightly lower cost DJ-MD5T is identical, but does not have the GPS and typically sells for $20 less. Both versions are covered under the FCC ID of PH3DJ-MD5. The earlier DJ-MD40 can be found under FCC ID PH3DJ-MD5.
The new, but not yet FCC certified Alinco DJ-MD5XT is going to likely require its own FCC ID as early documentation shows that this will be the first true tri-band DMR radio which will cover the 2m, 70cm and 1.25m amateur radio bands, plus extended receive above and below the VHF and UHF bands as usual.
Looking in the just released computer programming software available on the Remtronix website, it clearly shows an option under MHF for 220 to 225 MHz.
Hackers are already salivating....
When it was discovered that certain band combinations would allow reception and transmission above 480 MHz just like in the Anytone D878UV and BTECH 6X2, Alinco was quick to issue new firmware to prevent this, but was easily bypassed with a 3rd party software tool to enable 480 to 520 MHz coverage.
These extra frequencies are sought after in countries like Australia where there are UHF CB channels and in the United States where first responders such as New York City Police and Fire user channels above 480 MHz.
Without spending time attempting to get an Alinco MD-5TGP with or without the patched 1.13c or 1.10 firmware to work with the CPS 1.09a meant for the new Alinco DJ-MD5XT, it would likely appear that the new Alinco DJ-MDXT due to having a band option meant for 1.25m should suggest there is different hardware inside that will offer safe operation of the 220 MHz band.
While many radios mentioned in this article can be "hacked" to give the impression they will work on the 1.25 band, it is not suggested to transmit as it will ruin the RF power amplifier and filtering in the radio since it is not designed for that spectrum. Hopefully the Alinco DJ-MD5XT will support this great and underutilized band available only in the United States and few other countries globally.
Related Reading
"Network radios use existing cellular infrastructure just like your smartphone in order to communicate both near and far"The most basic PoC radio such as the Retevis RT-51 reviewed later in this article has better coverage compared to a smartphone that uses the same network due to antenna placement and configuration.
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| Comparing the physical characteristics of one vendors traditional analog/digital VHF/UHF radio (RT-3) and its basic network radio (PoC) offering (RT-51) |
Family Radio Service (FRS) and Multi Use Radio Service (MURS) offer different benefits to its users looking either for local or mid range communication.
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| Example FRS radio made by Retevis. FRS in the United States or PMR and other similar services in other countries offer clear local unlicensed voice communication |
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| Motorola offers its model RDM2020 and RDM2025 as MURS only radios available for consumer purchase |
GMRS is typically not the best for business use because other unlicensed users may interfere with important business communications.Citizens Band (CB) at 27MHz is mentioned only in passing within this overview of unlicensed radio services due to different characteristics too dissimilar in operation and equipment compared to FRS, MURS, GMRS and amateur radio.
A basic amateur license in the United States is known as the Technician Class and permits the use on any frequency for any type of communication above 28.3 MHz and limited data only communication below.Gaining a license to become an amateur radio operator is very easy and there are very affordable radios that can be used on part or all of the most common spectrum in use with its 700,000 users in the United States.
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| Selection of modern amateur radios that offer different combinations of spectrum and communication modes. MSRP range from $150 to $500 for those pictured. |
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| The Retevis RT-51 and the TYT IP-350 are identical radios. The major difference with Retevis is more responsive customer service and possibly warranty support. |
The knob between the volume and antenna allows the user to select between different groups, explained later in this review.At a price of less than $150 each, the Retevis RT-51 is unique in that it is a high quality product for a moderate price similar to that of its line of equipment marketed towards amateur and commercial radio users, such as its VHF and UHF only radios along with dual band versions.
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| Retevis offers the least expensive and basic network radio (PoC). Competing and more complex network radios can cost more than $500 each. |
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| Underside of RT-51 showing the removable door and SIM card slot |
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| Easy menu navigation allows selection of Group, Member, Friend, Recording, GPS, Setup |
Other "Network Radios" offer Wi-Fi or even low power UHF as standard, so why not Retevis?There are reasons that the battery is slightly different than those in use by its popular VHF/UHF radios both in physical dimension and voltage, but it may have created more brand loyalty and interoperability to have used the same battery.
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| The TYT MD-UV380 was released in May 2018 and will only get better with time. |
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| N0GSG's popular "Contact Manager" software as of August 1st 2018 supports the TYT MD-UV380 |
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| Make sure after importing the database you get the "Import Succ!" message before writing to the radio |
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| Early morning and early evening is the best time for hot air balloon flights due to more predictable wind patterns and thermal conditions |
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| Most balloons were inflated in under five minutes |
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| Propane powered heaters are used to inflate the balloon and control ascent. Vents let out hot air to provide descent of the balloon |
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| Its normal for balloons to not go much higher than trees. A few were hit along the way of the flight |
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| N2HVD-11 was used for APRS reporting with picoAPRS radio. |
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| Simple flow chart of how GPS and DMR work together |
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| Not all balloon pilots were as experienced as ours, so some were following us. |
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| K2GOG-11 was used for GPS DMR location reporting. |
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| A few more balloons were waiting to take off after we returned to the Dutchess County Fairgrounds |
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| After landing, we were treated to a champagne toast at 7:00 AM. Plus, we each got a keepsake plastic cup. Basically, its now a $250 cup with a free balloon flight! |
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| FCC ID of MD-UV380 that is not listed yet on FCC OET website |
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| All recent TYT FCC OET IDs that have been approved |
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| HR C6000 base-band as found in the new TYT MD-UV380 |
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| The AT1846s SDR chipset as found in the new TYT MD-UV380 |
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| The underside of the RF deck of the TYT MD-UV380 front end filtering. The underside of the radio provides better shielding. |
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| MD-UV380 at right and MD-380G at left from rear side of RF deck |
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| Setting up short messages for use with SMS WX and GPS sending with the TYT MD-UV380 |